The gentle teacher
In The Name of Allah, The Most Merciful, The Bestower of Mercy.
Imam Muhammad Ibn Abdul Wahhab, may Allah have mercy upon him, stated in Al-Usul ath-Thalatha, “I’lam, Rahimakallaah – Know, may Allah have mercy upon you”.
“Rahimakallaah” is a supplication made for the student of knowledge. The Shaikh (Imam Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab) supplicates for Allah’s Mercy upon the students of knowledge, that Allah has mercy upon them. Therefore, in this there is gentleness from the teacher towards the student. Indeed he begins with a good statement and a righteous supplication so that it has an effect and thereby making the student incline towards his teacher with acceptance. But if he begins with a harsh statement or a statement that is not deemed appropriate, this would make him flee. Therefore, it is obligated to a teacher and the one who calls to (the path of) Allah, and the one who enjoins good and forbids evil, that he is gentle with the one he addresses – through supplication for him, commendation and soft speech, because this urges towards acceptance. However, as for the stubborn wilful, opposer, this one is to be addressed differently. Allah said: [وَلَا تُجَـٰدِلُوٓاْ أَهۡلَ ٱلۡڪِتَـٰبِ إِلَّا بِٱلَّتِى هِىَ أَحۡسَنُ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مِنۡهُمۡۖ – And argue not with the people of the Scripture unless it be in a way that is better, except with such of them as do wrong]. [29:46]
Those who do wrong among the people of the scripture- wilfully opposing and are haughty- are not addressed with what is better; rather they are addressed with what would prevent from their (harm and misguidance). Allah said:
يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلنَّبِىُّ جَـٰهِدِ ٱلۡڪُفَّارَ وَٱلۡمُنَـٰفِقِينَ وَٱغۡلُظۡ عَلَيۡہِمۡۚ وَمَأۡوَٮٰهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُۖ وَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ
O Prophet (Muhammad)! Strive hard against the disbelievers and the hypocrites, and be harsh against them, their abode is Hell,-and worst indeed is that destination]. [9:73]
Striving against the hypocrites is not carried out with weapons, rather it is carried out with proofs, statements, refutation against them with harshness that will prevent (them from propagating their misguidance and harm) and to keep the people away from them. Allah said about them: [وَقُل لَّهُمۡ فِىٓ أَنفُسِہِمۡ قَوۡلاَۢ بَلِيغً۬ا – But admonish them, and speak to them an effective word to reach their innerselves] [4:63]
Therefore, there is a specific type of speech that is prescribed for these people because they are wilful opposers and people afflicted with pride. They do not want the truth, rather they want to misguide the people. So, they are addressed in a way they deserve. As for the seeker of guidance, this one is addressed with gentleness and mercy. This is because he wants the truth, knowledge and something beneficial. [1]
In the beginning of all the three principles, Imam Muhammad Ibn Abdil Wahhab, may Allah have mercy upon him, started by supplicating for the learner. In the first principle, he said: [اعلم رحمك الله – Know, may Allah have mercy upon you]. In the second principle, he began by saying [اعلم رحمك الله – Know, may Allah have mercy upon], and in the third principle, he began by saying [اعلم ارشدك الله لطاعته – Know, may Allah guide you to His obedience].
Beginning with the word اعلم in this treatise and in his other treatises is employed when discussing important and great subjects , and due to this you find that in the Qur’an this word اعلم is mentioned in the great subjects and important commandments, such as the statement of Allah: [فَٱعۡلَمۡ أَنَّهُ ۥ لَآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّهُ – So know (O Muhammad ) that Laa ilaaha ill-Allah (none has the right to be worshipped but Allah)]. In the Qur’an, there are over 30 verses with this word that is mentioned in connection with Allah’s Names and Attributes, or in the affirmation of Tawhid and other important and great subjects. It is a word that is mentioned so that the reader’s or listener’s attention is captured.
Also supplicating for others is a sign of sincere advice and it is the path of the sincere advisers, for indeed the sincere adviser combines – for the one who is being advised – beneficial, gentle clarification and with sincere supplication. He teaches him in a beneficial, and gentle manner and supplicates for him whilst hoping that Allah will benefit him through this knowledge. This is a matter that must be given importance – that a scholar, the one who nurtures others, an admonisher or a khateeb supplicates for the people, that Allah benefits, guides and shows them mercy. This supplication emanates from the mercy in the adviser’s heart, the eagerness in his heart and his great desire that Allah benefits those who are being advised or called to Islam. Sometimes the word رحمة is mentioned on its own and sometimes it is a mentioned alongside المغفرة. When they are mentioned together, Al-Maghfirah means forgiveness of one’s previous sins in the past, and Rahma means asking Allah to protect, aid, forgive and guide a person towards righteous deeds and statements. And if one of them is mentioned alone, the meaning of the other is included in it.
[1] An Excerpt from ‘Sharh Usool Ath-Thalaatha. page13-15 By Al-Allamah Salih Al-Fawzan, may Allah preserve him.
[2] Sharh Usul ath-Thalatha Lesson 1. Masjid An-Nabawiy. Date: 22/08/1434. By Shaikh Abdur Razzaaq Al-Badr, may Allah preserve him.