In The Name of Allaah, The Most Merciful, The Bestower of Mercy.

Allaah [The Most High] said:

وَقُل لِّعِبَادِي يَقُولُوا الَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ ۚ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَنزَغُ بَيْنَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ كَانَ لِلْإِنسَانِ عَدُوًّا مُّبِينًا

And say to My slaves that they should (only) say those words that are the best. (Because) Shaitan (Satan) verily, sows disagreements among them. Surely, Shaitan (Satan) is to man a plain enemy.

Allaah [The Blessed and Most High] command His slave and Messenger [i.e. Muhammad (sallal-laahu-alayhi-wasallam)] to command Allaah’s believing slaves that they speak to one another in their conversations and discussions with what is better and good, for if they do not do that, shaytaan will initiate a state of conflict between them and speech will lead to actions, and thus evil, [blameworthy] argumentation and fighting will arise; for indeed shaytaan is an enemy of Aadam and his children since [the time] he refused to prostrate to Aadam. His enmity is clear and manifest, so because of this it prohibited for a man to point at his Muslim brother with an iron [instrument], for indeed shaytaan [can entice an evil action] in his hand and he may strike [ his Muslim brother] with it. [Ref 1]

Imaam Sadi stated that this command [i.e. in Surah Al-Israa Aayah 53] is related to every speech that will bring a person close to Allaah, such as recitation [of the Qur’aan], remembrance of Allaah, enjoining good and forbidding evil, [to address the people] with good and gentle speech in accordance with their different social statuses and positions. If something resolves around two good affairs, then Allaah commands that the better of the two is chosen if it is not possible to combine both of them. Good speech leads to every beautiful mannerism and righteous deed, for indeed the one who controls his tongue will be able to take control of his affairs.

Shaytaan wants to cause disagreements between you. He hastens towards that which will corrupt the religious and worldly affairs of the slaves. Therefore, the remedy for this is that he is not to be followed when he incites you to utter statements that are not good in order to cause enmity and disagreements between you. He is your real enemy and it is obligated on you to wage war against him because he calls you to be among the people of the hell fire. [Ref 2]

[Ref 1: Source: An Excerpt from Al-Misbaah Al-Muneer Fee Tahdheb Tafseer Ibn katheer’ Surah Al-Israa 17: 53]

[Ref 2: An Excerpt from Tayseer Al-kareem ar-Rahmaan Fee Tafseer Kalaam al-Mannaan]

In The Name of Allaah, The Most Merciful, The Bestower of Mercy.

Allaah [The Most High] said: [يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا قِيلَ لَكُمْ تَفَسَّحُوا فِي الْمَجَالِسِ فَافْسَحُوا يَفْسَحِ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ ۖ وَإِذَا قِيلَ انْشُزُوا فَانْشُزُوا يَرْفَعِ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْعِلْمَ دَرَجَاتٍ ۚ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ- O you who believe! When you are told to make room in the assemblies, [spread out and] make room. Allah will give you [ample] room [from His Mercy]. And when you are told to rise up, rise up. Allah will exalt in degree those of you who believe, and those who have been granted knowledge. And Allah is Well-Acquainted with what you do. [58:11]

This is a practical code of behaviour commanded by Allaah to His believing slaves- that when they come together in one of their gatherings, some of them or some of those who have already arrived should make room [for others]; for indeed it is part of good etiquettes to make room for him [i.e. the other person] to reach his goal.  And this is not to harm the one who is [already] in the gathering in anyway; rather he enables his [Muslim] brother to reach his goal without him being harmed, and reward is given in accordance with a deed; for indeed whoever makes room, Allaah makes room for him, and whoever shows generosity to his brother, Allaah will show him generosity.

[وَإِذَا قِيلَ انْشُزُوا – And when you are told to rise up]- Meaning: To rise up and retire from your gathering for an [obligatory or important] need [i.e. prayer etc], then [فَانْشُزُوا – rise up] – Meaning: proceed towards the fulfilment of that beneficial affair, for indeed the fulfilment of the likes of these affairs is connected to knowledge and Eemaan. And Allaah [The Most High] will exalt in degree the people of knowledge and Eemaan in accordance with what He has portioned out for them from knowledge and Eemaan.

[وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِير -And Allah is Well-Acquainted with what you do]- Meaning: Allaah [The Most High] rewards every performer of deeds in accordance with his [or her] deeds-if they are good, there will be good recompense, and if evil deeds, there will be an evil recompense. And in this Ayah [i.e. 58:11] is [a mention] of the virtue of knowledge, whose beautification and benefit is that one disciplines [himself or herself] with its etiquettes and act in accordance with what it necessitates. [An Excerpt from ‘Tayseer Al-Kareem Ar-Rahmaan Fee Tafseer Kalaam Al-Mannaan) by Imaam As-Sadi (rahimahullaah). slightly paraphrased]

Imaam Al-Bukhaari [rahimahullaah] said: “Chapter: Whoever sat at the farther end of a gathering. And whoever found a place amongst a gathering and took his seat there.”  Narrated Abu Waaqid Al-Laythi [radiyallaahu-anhu]: While Allaah’s Messenger [sallal-laahu-alayhi-wasallam] was sitting in the mosque with some people, three men came. Two of them came in front of Allaah’s Messenger [sallal-laahu-alayhi-wasallam] and the third went away.  The two kept on standing before Allaah’s Messenger [sallal-laahu-alayhi-wasallam] for a while and then one of them found a place in the circle and sat there while the other sat behind them [the gathering], and the third went away. When Allaah’s Messenger [sallal-laahu-alayhi-wasallam] finished his gathering, he said, ‘’Shall I tell you about these three persons? One of them betook himself to Allaah, so Allaah took him into His Grace and Mercy and accompanied him, the second felt shy, so Allaah was shy towards him [1]; while the third turned away, so Allaah turned away from him.” [2]

Imaam Abdul-Azeez Bin Baaz [rahimahullaah] said: In this [hadeeth] there are beneficial points: [a] Sometimes he [i.e. the Messenger (sallal-laahu-alayhi-wasallam)] used to have sittings-sometimes in the Masjid and sometimes in the house. [b] It is recommended for the one who enters a masjid whilst there is a gathering that he joins it. [c] In this (hadeeth is evidence about) being eager to benefit (in knowledge); so he enters if he finds a space; but if not he (stays) at the back. [d] In this (hadeeth) there is a warning against turning away from knowledge. [3]

Imaam As-Sadi (rahimahullaah) stated:  When you sit with the people, make humility the sign by which you are recognized. Fear of Allaah should be your shield and giving advice to the servants of Allaah as your constant habit. Be eager to (make) every gathering in which you sit one of goodness- either research into affairs of knowledge or advice on religious matters; either directing (others) towards a general or a particular beneficial affair, or making a mention of the blessings of Allaah; either making a mention of the superior status of praiseworthy manners and good etiquettes or warning against that which is detrimental to the well-being of one’s religious or worldly (affairs). The least of this (i.e. your companionship and advice to those you sit with) is that the earnings from their occupations should be by way of permissible (means) and not what is forbidden.

Behave well towards the young, the old and your peers. Deal with each of them in a way they deserve and have respect for the one who deserves to be respected and honoured. Be eager to make your congregation relaxed by way of speech that is appropriate and good, even if that was in relation to the worldly (affairs).

The sensible and determined person achieves abundant goodness through the gatherings of the people and he becomes more beloved to them than all (beloved things). This is because he approaches the people with what they approve (i.e. good) and statements they desire, and the foundation in this is success in taking over control of all the affairs placed before them.

And these affairs (i.e. good advice and companionship) become more emphasized on a journey, because during a journey sitting together is prolonged and the travellers are in need of having someone who revives their hearts with good statements, the news of events and joke–if all of that is truth and not too much–and to assist them with the essential affairs of travel. And Allaah is the One Who grants all success. [Ref 4]

[1] Allaah (The Most High) was shy towards him in a way that befits Allaah’s Majesty. Imaam Muhammad ibn Saaleh Al-Uthaymeen (rahimahullaah) said: Allaah’s shyness is not similar to the shyness of the creation. (see Tafseer Soorah Al-Baqarah Ayah 26 by Shaikh Uthaymeen (rahimahullaah); [2] [Saheeh al-Bukhaari Vol 1. Hadeeth Number 66]; [3]Al-Hulalul Ibreeziyyah Min At-Ta’liqaat Al-Baaziyyah Alaa Saheeh Al-Bukhaari Vol 1: page 34. Footnote 2; [Ref 4: Noorul Basaa’ir Wal al-baab fee ahkaam al ‘Ibaadaat Wal Mu‘aamalaat Wal Huqooq Wal Aadaab’ pages 64-65]

In The Name of Allaah, The Most Merciful, The Bestower of Mercy,

It is legislated for the woman to perform her prayers in her house, for this is from the prescribed Islamic duties (connected to the affairs of) the household. The prayer of the woman in her house is better than her prayer in the mosque of her people, and her prayer in the mosque of her people is better than her prayer in the mosque of the Messenger of Allah (sallal-laahu-alayhi-wasallam) as has been established in the hadeeth.  And for that reason the obligation of the Juma’ah prayer is lifted from her. She is allowed to go to the mosque (whilst observing) the following rulings: She is safe from being a trial and that she is not put to trial herself. Her presence does not result in the violation of an Islamic ruling. She is neither crowded with men in the road nor in the Mosque. She goes out with a neutral smell and not perfumed. She goes out with the hijaab and not displaying her beautification. There should be a specific door for the women in the mosque, through which they enter and exit the mosque, as established in the hadith in sunan abee daawood and other than it. The rows of the women are behind that of the men. The best rows for the women are the back rows as opposed to that of the men. And if the Imaam (adds something in the salaah that is not to be part of it or leaves something that should be part of it unintentionally), then the men are to say subhaanallaah and the woman is to clap. The women are to exit the mosque before the men. And it is required of the men to wait until the women are dispersed, as (reported) in the hadeeth of Umm Salamah (radiyallaahu-anhaa) in Saheeh Al Bukhaaree. [Source: Hiraasatul Fadheelah: page:85-86]