Question:

What is the ruling on the one who eats before the adhaan of (Maghrib), because he committed a mistake; he heard a voice and thought that it was the adhaan and then broke his fast. Thereafter, it became clear to him that the Mu-addhin did not call the adhaan yet?

Answer:

If the sun had already set, then his fasting is correct. And if the sun had not, then his fasting is incorrect. If he doubted whether the sun had set or not and continued upon this (doubt), then the fasting should be repeated out of precaution. Repeat this day’s (fasting), and this is (done) out of precaution.” [Al-Fataawaa Wad-Duroos Fil Masjidil Haraam of Shaikh Abdullaah Bin Muhammad Bin Humaid (rahimahullaah) page: 517] 

Question

A person gargled and a little bit of water enters into him (i.e. his belly, down his throat etc.); is his fasting broken?

Answer:

If that was done intentionally, your fasting is broken. And if that was done unintentionally, your fasting is not broken and this fasting is correct. You gargled and some water entered into your throat unintentionally, this fasting is correct. It is similar to your sniffing water (during ablution) and it entered your throat unintentionally, this fasting is correct. But if that was done intentionally, you have committed an error and it is obligatory upon you to repeat that fasting. [Al-Fataawaa Wad-Duroos Fil-Masjid Al-Haraam of Shaikh Abdullaah Bin Muhammad Bin Humaid (rahimahullaah), page: 510] 

Abu Mu-aawiyyah (Abdullaah Al-Gambi)

Question: 

I woke up late from sleep, and then I went to the refrigerator and eat a morsel of food and drank some water. I went out after that in order to ascertain the time and heard the Fajr Adhaan; so I withheld from (eating) and completed the (day’s) fasting. What is the ruling on this fasting of mine?

Answer:

The initiate affair (with regards to this is that the fasting) is correct Inshaa-Allaah. Your fasting is correct as long as it is not ascertained that your eating was after fajr. The initial affair (with regards to this is that the fasting) is correct and it is not obligatory upon you to repeat (the fast); because the scholars say: ”Whoever eats whilst being doubtful about the approach of the fajr, his fasting is correct.” [Al-Fataawaa Wad-Duroos Fil-Masjidil Haraam of Shaikh Abdullaah Bin Muhammad Bin Humaid (rahimahullaah) page: 507] 

In The Name of Allaah, The Most Merciful, The Bestower of Mercy.

Question: What is the ruling regarding being in a state of Janaabah during the daytime in Ramadaan; Does the one whom Janaabah comes upon breaks his fasting, and what is obligatory upon him to do?

Answer: Your question manifests the affair of the one who had a (wet) dream- meaning: You slept and had a dream and Janaabah came upon you, and not by way of sexual intercourse; rather you had a dream. So, have you broken your fasting?  Your fasting is sound [i.e. valid and not nullified],  however what is incumbent upon you is to take a bath, but (wet) dream during sleep does not ruin the fast. Your fasting is correct and nothing is incumbent upon you Inshaa-Allaah; rather what is incumbent upon you is to perform the bath of Janaabah only.

This did not take place due to sexual intercourse and what is well known [to ruin the fast] is sexual intercourse whilst being awake. This is what is disallowed and forbidden, and there is expiation for it. The [scholarly] statement about the sleeping person is that if he has a (wet) dream whilst sleeping, then his fasting is correct and what is incumbent upon him is to take a bath.

[Al-Fataawaa Wad-Duroos Fil Masjidil Haraam of Shaikh Abdullaah Bin Muhammad Bin Humaid (rahimahullaah) Page: 507]

Question:

A man travelled outside the kingdom of (Saudi Arabia) and he is from the people of Makkah; so what is the ruling on him if he breaks his fast and shortens his prayer until he returns, even if he stayed (in his place of travel) for a year?

Answer:

For instance: if he resides in a land for the purpose of studying-to study medicine or something else- it is neither permissible for him to break his fast nor shorten his prayers because the ruling on (him) is that of a resident. However, if you are from those just passing quickly (i.e. travelling), there is no harm in breaking the fast and shortening the prayer. Meaning: you are just passing through this land and are not residing there except for a day or two, or three days, and then proceeding to another land to fulfill a need over there; or you’re on a tour and just staying for two to three days, then there is no harm in breaking the fast and shortening the prayer. This is what the Islamic Legislation came with. As for taking out five months, ten months, a year or two in the name of studying or other than it, and then saying that you will break the fast and shorten the prayer, this is neither correct nor permissible.

[Source: Al-Fataawaa Wad-Duroos Fil Masjidil Haraam of Shaikh Abdullaah Bin Muhammad Bin Humaid (rahimahullaah); page: 486] 

Question:

I wanted to travel in the morning and I made an intention to fast, but at the time of Dhur I felt some difficulty, is it permissible for me to break the fast; and if I break the fast, what is the expiation for that?

Answer:

There is no harm to break your fast if you are travelling, even if you did make an intention to fast. As long as you have left the country, (or the boundaries of your city), it is permissible for you to break the fast; rather it is better (to break the fast). As for if you are in the country (or within the boundaries of your city) and you have not travelled yet, it is impermissible (to break the fast), and it is impermissible for you to break the fast as long as you are in the country (or within the boundaries of your city).

But for example, you are to travel tomorrow and at present you have made an intention to fast and then you travelled, it is permissible for you to break the fast whether you encounter difficulty or not, and expiation is not incumbent upon you.

As for if you intended to travel and made an intention to fast, but you did not get to travel and you broke your fasting when Dhur came, then you are forbidden to do this and you have committed a crime. It is incumbent upon you to repent and repay that day’s fast. However, if breaking the fast was done after you (started) travel, then there is no harm (in this) Inshaa-Allaah.

[For further deatils, see: Al-Fataawaa Wad-Duroos Fil-Masjidil Haraam of Shaikh Abdullaah Bin Muhammad Bin Humaid (rahimahullaah) pages: 485-486]